|
|national_anthem = :God Save the Queen" "Hail to Bermuda" a | official_languages = English〔https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bd.html〕 | ethnic_groups = | ethnic_groups_year = 2010 | demonym = Bermudian | capital = Hamilton | latd=32 |latm=18 |latNS=N |longd=64 |longm=47 |longEW=W | status = | government_type = parliamentary dependency under constitutional monarchy | leader_title1 = Monarch | leader_name1 = Elizabeth II | leader_title2 = Governor | leader_name2 = George Fergusson | leader_title3 = Premier | leader_name3 = Michael Dunkley | leader_title4 = Responsible Ministerb (UK) | leader_name4 = James Duddridge | legislature = Parliament | upper_house = Senate | lower_house = House of Assembly | area_rank = 230th | area_magnitude = 1 E7 | area_km2 = 53.2 | area_sq_mi = 20.6 | percent_water = 27 | population_census = 64,237 | population_census_year = 2010 | population_density_km2 = 1,275 | population_density_sq_mi = 3,293 | population_density_rank = 9th | GDP_PPP = $5.47 billion〔Department of Statistics September 2013〕 | GDP_PPP_rank = 149th | GDP_PPP_year = 2009〔 | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $84,381〔 | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 3rd | Gini_year = | Gini_change = | Gini = | Gini_ref = | Gini_rank = | HDI_year = | HDI_change = | HDI = | HDI_ref = | HDI_rank = | currency = Bermudian dollarc | currency_code = BMD | country_code = | time_zone = AST | utc_offset = –4 | time_zone_DST = ADT | utc_offset_DST = –3 | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy (AD) | drives_on = left | calling_code = +1-441 | cctld = .bm | footnote_a = This song is also used at international sporting events such as the Olympic Games. () | footnote_b = For the Overseas Territories. | footnote_c = On par with United States dollar. }} Bermuda , also referred to in legal documents as, fully, "the Bermudas or Somers Isles",〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Emancipation Act 1834 )〕 is a British Overseas Territory in the North Atlantic Ocean, located off the east coast of North America. Its nearest landmass is Cape Hatteras, United States, about to the west-northwest. It is about south of Cape Sable Island, Canada, and north of Puerto Rico. Its capital city is Hamilton. The first known European explorer to reach Bermuda was Spanish sea captain Juan de Bermúdez in 1503, after whom the islands are named. He claimed the apparently uninhabited islands for the Spanish Empire. Paying two visits to the archipelago, Bermúdez never landed on the islands, but did create a recognisable map of the archipelago. Shipwrecked Portuguese mariners are now thought to have been responsible for the 1543 inscription in ''Portuguese Rock'' (previously called ''Spanish Rock'').〔(''Portuguese Rock''. By Dr. Clarence V. H. Maxwell. Government of Bermuda Department of Community and Cultural Affairs website )〕 Subsequent Spanish or other European parties are believed to have released pigs there, which had become feral and abundant on the island by the time European settlement began. In 1609, the English Virginia Company, which had established Jamestown in Virginia (a term originally applied to all of the North American continent) two years earlier, permanently settled Bermuda in the aftermath of a hurricane, when the crew and passengers of the ''Sea Venture'' steered the ship onto the surrounding reef to prevent its sinking, then landed ashore. The island was administered as an extension of Virginia by the Company until 1614. Its spin-off, the Somers Isles Company, took over in 1615 and managed the colony until 1684. At that time, the company's charter was revoked, and the English Crown took over administration. The islands became a British colony following the 1707 unification of the parliaments of Scotland and England, which created the Kingdom of Great Britain. After 1949, when Newfoundland became part of Canada, Bermuda was automatically ranked as the oldest remaining British Overseas Territory. Since the return of Hong Kong to China in 1997, it is the most populous Territory. Its first capital, St. George's, was established in 1612 and is the oldest continuously inhabited English town in the New World. Bermuda's economy is based on offshore insurance and reinsurance, and tourism, the two largest economic sectors.〔〔("Bermuda's Tourism Industry" ) Tayfun King, ''Fast Track'', BBC World News (3 November 2009).〕 Bermuda had one of the world's highest GDP per capita for most of the 20th century and several years beyond. Recently, its economic status has been affected by the global recession. It has a subtropical climate. Bermuda is the northernmost point of the Bermuda Triangle, a region of sea in which, according to legend, a number of aircraft and surface vessels have disappeared under supposedly unexplained or mysterious circumstances. The island is in the hurricane belt and prone to severe weather. However, it is somewhat protected from the full force of a hurricane by the coral reef that surrounds the island. ==Geography== (詳細はSargasso Sea, roughly 650 nautical miles () east-southeast of Cape Hatteras on the Outer Banks of North Carolina and about 590 nautical miles () southeast of Martha's Vineyard of Massachusetts. It is 898.2 nautical miles () northeast of Miami, Florida, and 667.374 nautical miles () from Cape Sable Island, in Nova Scotia, Canada. The islands lie due east of Fripp Island, South Carolina, west of Spain and north of Puerto Rico.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ducksters.com/geography/country.php?country=Bermuda )〕 The archipelago is formed by high points on the rim of the caldera of a submarine volcano that forms a seamount. The volcano is one part of a range that was formed as part of the same process that formed the floor of the Atlantic, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The top of the seamount has gone through periods of complete submergence, during which its limestone cap was formed by marine organisms, and during the Ice Ages the entire caldera was above sea level, forming an island of approximately two hundred square miles. It has of coastline. The two incorporated municipalities in Bermuda are the City of Hamilton and the Town of St George. Bermuda is divided into nine parishes, which have some localities called villages, such as Flatts Village and Somerset Village. Although usually referred to in the singular, the territory consists of 181〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.gotobermuda.com/uploadedFiles/ForThePress/PressKits/Bermuda%20Fact%20Sheet%202011(1).pdf )〕 islands, with a total area of . The largest island is ''Main Island'', sometimes called Bermuda. Compiling a list of the islands is often complicated, as many have more than one name (as does the entire archipelago, which has also been known historically as ''La Garza'', ''Virgineola'', and the ''Isle of Devils''. Somers Isles is often rendered "Somers Islands", or mistaken for "Summer Isles"). Despite the small land mass, place names are repeated; there are, for example, two islands named ''Long Island,'' three bays named ''Long Bay'' (on Somerset, Main, and Cooper's islands), two Horseshoe Ho-down Bays (one in Warwick, on the Main Island, the other at Morgan's Point, formerly Tucker's Island), there are two roads through cuttings called ''Khyber Pass'' (one in Warwick, the other in St. George's Parish), and ''St George's Town'' is located on ''St George's Island'' within ''St George's Parish'' (each known as ''St George's''). There is a Hamilton Parish in addition to the City of Hamilton (which is in Pembroke Parish). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bermuda」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|